R. Preveden
Dermatovenerološka klinika, Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenija

M. Bizjak
Dermatovenerološka klinika, Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Abstract

Classifi cation: A number of different congenital vascular lesions occur in the skin. A simple classifi cation, consisting of two groups, hemangiomas of infancy (HI) and vascular malformations, is based mostly on history and physical examination. Pathogenesis: HI are benign neoplasms that result from rapid proliferation of endothelial cells. Vascular spaces may have features of capillaries, venules, and arterioles. Early hemangiomas are highly cellular. Progressive interstitial fi brosis occurs during regression. Clinical features: HI demonstrate a typical growth pattern characterized by early proliferation followed by gradual, spontaneous involution. Diagnosis: Superfi cial and mixed HI are usually diagnosed based upon their characteristic clinical features. Hemangioma precursors may sometimes be misdiagnosed as capillary malformations or telangiectasias. Deep lesions provide a greater challenge and radiographic evaluation may be helpful in clarifying the diagnosis. Therapy: The choice of treatment, if any, depends on multiple factors and must be tailored to each individual patient. Unfortunately, there is no universal approach to their management. Conclusions: HI can manifest themselves in the form of benign or dangerous tumours, which must be recognized.

Key words: infantile hemangiomas, pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis, therapy.