Neža Salobir
Zdravstveni dom Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Sončka Jazbinšek
Pediatrična klinika, Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Klemen Dovč
Klinični oddelek za endokrinologijo, diabetes in bolezni presnove, Pediatrična klinika, Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenija in Katedra za pediatrijo, Medicinska fakulteta, Univerza v Ljubljani, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Primož Kotnik
Klinični oddelek za endokrinologijo, diabetes in bolezni presnove, Pediatrična klinika, Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenija in Katedra za pediatrijo, Medicinska fakulteta, Univerza v Ljubljani, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Abstract

Relative energy deficiency syndrome develops in children and adolescents as a result of a negative energy balance due to insufficient energy intake during intense physical exercise regimens. This energy imbalance leads to impaired physiological function of multiple organ systems. Moreover, in children and adolescents, it presents a risk for the development of long-term consequences in terms of negative effects on growth, pubertal development and bone health. Early recognition and management are therefore crucial in this age group. Due to poor awareness among young athletes, their parents, coaches, medical staff, and a non-specific clinical presentation the illness is often overlooked.

Key words: relative energy deficiency in sport, exercise, growth, puberty, reproduction, bone