Nina Battelino
Klinični oddelek za nefrologijo, Pediatrična klinika, Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenija in Medicinska fakulteta, Univerza v Ljubljani, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Damjana Ključevšek
Služba za radiologijo, Pediatrična klinika Ljubljana, Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenija in Medicinska fakulteta, Univerza v Ljubljani, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Daša Šfiligoj Planjšek
Klinika za nuklearno medicino, Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenija in Medicinska fakulteta, Univerza v Ljubljani, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Tomaž Ključevšek
Klinični inštitut za radiologijo, Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Robert Kordič
Oddelek za otroško kirurgijo, Kirurška klinika, Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenija, Klinični oddelek za urologijo, Kirurška klinika, Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenija in Medicinska fakulteta, Univerza v Ljubljani, Ljubljana, Slovenija

Abstract

Urinary outflow obstruction in childhood has various causes. If left untreated several consequences or even kidney injury can occur. With respect to the level of obstruction, an upper (pieloureteral stenosis – PUS, vesicoureteral stenosis – VUS, ureterocoele and ectopic urether) or lower urinary tract obstruction (posterior urethral valve – PUV) can be characterized. The treatment consensus must be reached among different specialists upon careful examination of the results and thereafter the parents have to be thoroughly informed about the decision. We can either decide on radiological intervention or surgical treatment, most frequently a combination of both. The results are generally good, but we must bear in mind that in more serious anomalies, the deterioration of kidney function is in the best case postponed and a further follow-up is mandatory.

Key words: urinary outflow obstruction, upper urinary tract, lower urinary tract, interventional radiologic treatment, sur-gical treatment